18 january

Selection and preparation: Ch. Đurđić

On this day 1689 was born the French philosopher Charles Louis de Seconda Montesquieu, author of the major work “Spirit of the Law” in which he developed the theory on the division of power into legislative, executive and judicial, which became the foundation of parliamentary democracy.

1876 – In Nikšić Parish and Grahovo, the International Red Cross formed is the first hospital, a month and a half after Montenegro became a member of the International Committee of the Red Cross in Geneva.

1878 – Montenegrin Army, under under the command of Duke Ilija Plamenac, with five battalions of infantry and most of the artillery under the command of Duke Masha Vrbica, liberated Ulcinj, thus establishing de facto control over the entire Montenegrin coast.

1882 – The English writer Alain Alexander Miln was born, the author of popular children’s novels “When We Were Very Young”, “Winnie the Pooh”, “The House at Pu’s Corner”, “Now There Are Six of Us”. )

1903 – Duke Petar Vuk died go, father-in-law of Prince Nikola, Montenegrin military leader, hopeful of Prince Danilo and Duke Mirko. He became famous in the battles of Grhovec in 1858, in the Montenegrin-Turkish war of 1872 and the Great War from 1876 to 1878

1909 – He was born Serbian and Yugoslav writer Oskar Davičo, who had a significant influence on Serbian poetry in the 1950s and 1960s. Famous works: collections of poems “Cherry behind the wall”, “Inhabited eyes”, novels “Song”, “Concrete and scrolls”.

1919 – French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau opened the Versailles Peace Conference after the end of the First World War. Of the 27 winning countries, only Great Britain, France, Italy and the United States had the right to decide. By a peace treaty signed on June 28, Germany claimed responsibility for the war, pledged to pay war damages and was banned from arming itself. New states were created: Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which Montenegro joined by joining Serbia, losing centuries of statehood, even its name.

1981 – Using the right to explore and exploit oil and gas on land and in the seabed of Montenegro, experts from the exploration sector of AD “Jugopetrol” from Kotor, on the well South Adriatic III, at a depth of four thousand and 131 meters found are the so-called mobile oil, which confirms the belief that the Montenegrin submarine is promising for exploration and exploitation of gas and oil.

2001 – The United States lifted sanctions on FR Yugoslavia , introduced in early 1999 due to the policy of the Slobodan Milosevic regime towards the Albanians in Kosovo. American companies were then banned from doing business with Yugoslavia. In addition to lifting the ban, the lifting of US sanctions has opened the door for foreign loans to enter Yugoslavia.

2007 – Montenegro attends a ceremony in Washington became the 185th member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group. Montenegro lost its membership in the IMF and the World Bank after the break-up of the state union in 2006, while Serbia inherited its membership

2008 – In Iceland Former world chess champion Robert Bobby Fischer, one of the greatest players in the history of chess and the only American with the title of world champion, has died at the age of 64. Fischer visited Montenegro twice – in the early 70’s in Herceg Novi he convincingly won a big fast-paced tournament, in which the world’s best chess players participated, and in 1992 he defeated Boris Spassky again on Sveti Stefan, over which he triumphed in 1972 in Reykjavik when he became world champion.

2009 – Hamas, together with its Islamist allies, agreed to a ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and gave it to Israel, which had already declared a unilateral ceasefire, one week to withdraw its forces from the Palestinian Territory.

2010 – Montenegrin Prime Minister Milo Djukanovic met in Bratislava with Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico to discuss among other things, the repayment of Montenegro’s debt to that country from the time of the SFRY, which amounted to one million one hundred and thirty thousand and one hundred and thirty-six euros.

2011 – The Higher State Prosecutor’s Office in Podgorica announced a misdemeanor procedure against the Metropolitan of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Montenegro Amfilohije for hate speech. His words on the eve of Christmas in Bar on the occasion of the church on Rumija and on New Year’s Eve according to the Julian calendar in Podgorica on the occasion of the Montenegrin language, are hate speech that violates Article 17 of the Law on Public Order and Peace, said senior state prosecutor Vesna Jovicevic.

2013 – Serbian President Tomislav Nikolic arrived on his first official visit to Montenegro. In Cetinje and Podgorica, Nikolic met with Montenegrin President Filip Vujanovic, Montenegrin Parliament Speaker Ranko Krivokapic, Prime Minister Milo Djukanovic and New Serbian Democracy President Andrija Mandic. After talks with Vujanovic, he called on political representatives of Serbs in Montenegro to come to power, and on the relations between the two countries regarding the church, Nikolic said that this did not burden the state relations between Serbia and Montenegro and was not an open issue between them. Contrary to the problems of the Serbian Orthodox Church with Macedonia, which burden state relations, in Montenegro “this relationship is at such a level that it should be resolved by two churches,” said Nikolic.

The following happened on this day:

1535 – Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro founded Lima, now the capital of Peru.

1778 – English navigator James Cook discovered Hawaii, which he named Sandwich Island after Lord Sandwich.

1871 – In the Hall of Mirrors of the Palace of Versailles, Prussian King Wilhelm I was proclaimed of the first emperor of the newly created German Empire.

2005 – European aircraft manufacturer “Airbus” solemnly presented its new A380 aircraft in the hangar in Toulouse, the largest passenger a jet that was ever made. The Airbus giant two-story A380 has a wingspan of 80 meters, a tail as tall as a seven-story building and over 550 seats. $ 13 billion was spent on its production, and the price of one A380 plane was $ 280 million.

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