The eruption of the Hunga-Tonga volcano Hunga-Ha’apai, in the Polynesian nation of Tonga, which took place on Saturday (15), was a global scale event. As highlighted by the MetSouth, the violent explosion generated an ash cloud that reached 30 km in height, reaching the planet’s stratosphere – the second layer of the atmosphere, after the troposphere. The explosion caused by the eruption was so violent, it generated a huge shock wave visible in weather satellite images that are among the most impressive since science began to observe the planet from space.
According to the technical director of the Brazilian Meteor Observation Service (Bramon) and collaborator of Olhar Digital, Marcelo Zurita, the shock wave is basically the sound of the explosion of the volcano. “Probably at a frequency inaudible to us, but it’s the propagation of this explosion through the atmosphere.” Satellite images show shock wave spreading It’s possible to see the huge column of ash erupting in the middle of the Pacific and expanding as it reaches higher altitudes as a shock wave spreads radially from the center of the eruption. According to MetSouth, the event was so significant that the sound of the volcano explosion in Tonga was heard hundreds of kilometers away. Residents of Fiji, 800 km from the volcano, recorded videos of the noise generated by the eruptive process.
Meteorologists around the world observed a sudden change in atmospheric pressure at meteorological monitoring stations. with the arrival of the wave and published the data on social networks. The same pattern was observed in New Zealand, Japan, Alaska, New York, Puerto Rico, Los Angeles, Oklahoma, Miami, Zurich and even Finland, a northern European country that is 15,000 km away from the volcano. To calculate the atmospheric pressure anomaly shock wave, the scientists used as data: the time of its arrival, the distance to the eruption and the time of the eruptive event at about 1,300 km/h in the Northern Hemisphere. As the eruption was just after 1:00 am this Saturday, Brasília time, and the estimated propagation speed in most locations was 1,000 km/h, the shock wave would likely reach Brazil around 12 to 13 hours later. And that’s exactly what happened. Repeating the pattern observed in meteorological stations in different countries and continents, the MetSul Meteorologia survey indicated a peak in atmospheric pressure from the south to the north of Brazil in the data from the stations of the National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet). Tonga volcano explosion alters atmospheric pressure An atmospheric pressure peak of ~1.0 to ~1.5 hPa was recorded at Inmet stations between 14UTC and 16UTC (11:00 to 13:00 GMT) in stations in Rio Grande do Sul , Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Distrito Federal, Amazonas, Mato Grosso and other states, most in the range of 15UTC to 16UTC, right around noon. According to meteorologist Estael Sias, managing partner of MetSul Meteorologia, showers and thunderstorms, common at this time of year, generate downward currents and the cooling of the atmosphere increases pressure. “This could explain the rise in atmospheric pressure in one season or another with rain in the locality or nearby, but never at the same time, in a hundred stations, in so many states and far away, from the South to the North of Brazil”. For her, what produced the pattern of sudden increase in pressure around 12:00 this Saturday was the arrival of the expansive wave that spread across the planet from the explosion of the volcano in the South Pacific. By Flavia Correia
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