Giorgio Parisi, Nobel Prize in Physics 2021, during the conference at the La Sapienza University of Rome, Tuesday 5 October (Antonio Masiello / Getty Images)

From 1901 to today there were a total of 21, including Giorgio Parisi, who was assigned the one for Physics on Tuesday

Giorgio Parisi, Nobel Prize in Physics 2021, during the conference at ‘La Sapienza University of Rome, Tuesday 5 October (Antonio Masiello / Getty Images)

On Tuesday the Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 was awarded to Syukuro Manabe, K laus Hasselmann and to Italian Giorgio Parisi “for their fundamental contribution in understanding some complex physical systems”. Parisi, who received recognition for his discoveries on fluctuations in physical systems, is the twenty-first Italian to have obtained a Nobel Prize and the sixth to have obtained it for Physics. Among the prizes obtained by Italian people, two were awarded to women and the most recent one was awarded in 2007.

The Nobel Prize was established following the will of Alfred Nobel and was awarded for the first time in 1901. Since then, in addition to the six winners for Physics, there are six other Italians awarded for literature, including Grazia Deledda, Eugenio Montale and Dario Fo. There are always six Italians who have also obtained the Nobel Prize in the field of Medicine: from Camillo Golgi, discoverer of the cellular apparatus that we still study at school today, to great researchers such as Rita Levi-Montalcini and Renato Dulbecco .

They were also awarded to Italians a Nobel Prize for Chemistry, one for Economics and one for Peace, the latter at the beginning of the twentieth century.

Inside each photo, the stories of the winners and the reasons why they were awarded.